A landline (or land line) was originally an overland telegraph Telegraphy is the long-distance transmission of written messages without physical transport of letters. It is a compound term formed from the Greek words tele = far and graphein (γραφειν) = write. Radiotelegraphy or wireless telegraphy transmits messages using radio wire,[1] as opposed to an undersea cable The first submarine communications cables carried telegraphy traffic. Subsequent generations of cables carried first telephony traffic, then data communications traffic. All modern cables use optical fiber technology to carry digital payloads, which are then used to carry telephone traffic as well as Internet and private data traffic. They are. Currently, landline (or land phone or main line or fixed-line) refers to a telephone line A telephone line or telephone circuit is a single-user circuit on a telephone communications system. Typically this refers to the physical wire or other signaling medium connecting the user's telephone apparatus to the telecommunications network, and usually also implies a single telephone number for billing purposes reserved for that user which travels through a solid medium, either metal wire A wire is a single, usually cylindrical, string of metal. Wires are used to bear mechanical loads and to carry electricity and telecommunications signals. Wire is commonly formed by drawing the metal through a hole in a die or draw plate. Standard sizes are determined by various wire gauges. The term wire is also used more loosely to refer to a or optical fibre An optical fiber is a glass or plastic fiber that carries light along its length. Fiber optics is the overlap of applied science and engineering concerned with the design and application of optical fibers. Optical fibers are widely used in fiber-optic communications, which permits transmission over longer distances and at higher bandwidths (data, as distinguished from a mobile cellular line A mobile phone is an electronic device used for full duplex two-way radio telecommunications over a cellular network of base stations known as cell sites. Mobile phones differ from cordless telephones, which only offer telephone service within limited range through a single base station attached to a fixed land line, for example within a home or, where transmission is via radio waves Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum longer than infrared light. Like all other electromagnetic waves, they travel at the speed of light. Naturally-occurring radio waves are made by lightning, or by astronomical objects. Artificially-generated radio waves are used for fixed and mobile. Landlines usually have a lower price for calling time, and the user hardware costs less than mobile phones, but they are less convenient. A land line is also used to increase the security of communications, as it cannot be intercepted by a receiver without physical access Telephone tapping is the monitoring of telephone and Internet conversations by a third party, often by covert means. The telephone or wire tap received its name because, historically, the monitoring connection was an actual electrical tap on the telephone line. Legal wiretapping by a government agency is also called lawful interception. Passive to the line. (This does not, however, mean that a telephone company A telephone company is a service provider of telecommunications services such as telephony and data communications access. Most of the largest telcos, whatever their origins, are or were at one time nationalized or state-regulated monopolies[citation needed]. These monopolies are often referred to, primarily in Europe, as PTTs will not send the call over the air on some point in the journey.) In 2003, the CIA The World Factbook is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States with almanac-style information about the countries of the world. The official paper copy version is available from the National Technical Information Service and the Government Printing Office. Other companies—such as Skyhorse Publishing— reported approximately 1.263 billion main telephone The telephone , often colloquially referred to as a phone, is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound, most commonly the human voice. Telephones are a point-to-point communication system whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to one another. It is one of the most common household lines worldwide. China China is seen variously as an ancient civilization extending over a large area in East Asia, a nation and/or a multinational entity had more than any other country, at 350 million, and the United States ^ b. English is the de facto language of American government and the sole language spoken at home by 80% of Americans age five and older. Spanish is the second most commonly spoken language was second with 268 million - this compared with 219.4 million cellular telephones, a number which is expected to exceed the landline number within a few years.
In 2008 there were 1,270,000,000 fixed line subscribers in the world.[2] The number of households having a mobile phone but not a landline (Cellphone Only or CPO) reached 18% in the United States and the number of landlines used in developed countries began to decline.[3]
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Fixed phone
A fixed phone line (a line that is not a mobile phone A mobile phone is an electronic device used for full duplex two-way radio telecommunications over a cellular network of base stations known as cell sites. Mobile phones differ from cordless telephones, which only offer telephone service within limited range through a single base station attached to a fixed land line, for example within a home or line) can be hard-wired A wire is a single, usually cylindrical, string of metal. Wires are used to bear mechanical loads and to carry electricity and telecommunications signals. Wire is commonly formed by drawing the metal through a hole in a die or draw plate. Standard sizes are determined by various wire gauges. The term wire is also used more loosely to refer to a or wireless Wireless communication is the transfer of information over a distance without the use of enhanced electrical conductors or "wires". The distances involved may be short or long (thousands or millions of kilometers for radio communications). When the context is clear, the term is often shortened to "wireless". Wireless.
Fixed wireless refers to the operation of wireless devices or systems in fixed locations such as homes and offices. Fixed wireless devices usually derive their electrical power from the utility mains electricity Mains is the general-purpose alternating current electric power supply. In the US, electric power is referred to by several names including household power, household electricity, powerline, domestic power, wall power, line power, AC power, city power, street power, and grid power. In Canada, it is often called hydro, because much of the Canadian, unlike mobile wireless or portable wireless which tend to be battery-powered An electrical battery is a combination of one or more electrochemical cells, used to convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy. Since the invention of the first Voltaic pile in 1800 by Alessandro Volta, the battery has become a common power source for many household and industrial applications. According to a 2005 estimate, the. Although mobile and portable systems can be used in fixed locations, efficiency and bandwidth are compromised compared with fixed systems. Mobile or portable, battery-powered wireless systems can serve as emergency backups for fixed systems in case of a power blackout or natural disaster.
The technology for wireless connection to the Internet The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet Protocol Suite to serve billions of users worldwide. It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope that are linked by a broad array of electronic and is as old as the Net itself. Amateur radio operators began "patching" into telephone lines with fixed, mobile, and portable two-way voice radios in the middle of the 20th Century. A wireless modem A wireless modem is a type of modem which connects to a wireless network instead of to the telephone system. When you connect with a wireless modem, you are attached directly to your wireless ISP and you can then access the Internet works something like an amateur-radio "phone patch The Military Auxiliary Radio System is a United States Department of Defense sponsored program, established as a separately managed and operated program by the United States Army, Navy, and Air Force. The program is a civilian auxiliary consisting primarily of licensed amateur radio operators who are interested in assisting the military with," except faster. High-end fixed wireless employs broadband modems Broadband in telecommunications refers to a signaling method that includes or handles a relatively wide range of frequencies, which may be divided into channels or frequency bins. Broadband is always a relative term, understood according to its context. The wider the bandwidth, the greater the information-carrying capacity. In radio, for example, that bypass the telephone system and offer Internet access hundreds of times faster than twisted-pair hard-wired connections or cell-phone modems.
Dedicated lines
The term landline is also used to describe a connection between two or more points that consists of a dedicated physical cable, as opposed to an always-available private link that is actually implemented as a circuit in a wider switched system (usually the public switched telephone network The public switched telephone network is the network of the world's public circuit-switched telephone networks. Originally a network of fixed-line analog telephone systems, the PSTN is now almost entirely digital in its core and includes mobile as well as fixed telephones). So-called leased lines A leased line is a symmetric telecommunications line connecting two locations. It is sometimes known as a 'Private Circuit' or 'Data Line' in the UK. Unlike traditional PSTN lines it does not have a telephone number, each side of the line being permanently connected to the other. Leased lines can be used for telephone, data or Internet services are invariably of the latter type; the implications of a landline in this context are security and survivability In engineering, survivability is the quantified ability of a system, subsystem, equipment, process, or procedure to continue to function during and after a natural or man-made disturbance; e.g. nuclear electromagnetic pulse from the detonation of a nuclear weapon. For example, a military headquarters might be linked to front-line units "by landline" to ensure that communication remains possible even if the conventional telephone network is damaged or destroyed. This was the case in the Second World War Albania · Australia · Austria · Azerbaijan · Belarus · Belgium · Brazil · Bulgaria · Burma · Cambodia · Canada · Ceylon (Sri Lanka) · Channel Islands · China · Czechoslovakia · Denmark · Dutch East Indies · Egypt · Estonia · Finland · France · Germany · Gibraltar · Greece · Greenland · Hong Kong · Hungary · Iceland ·, in which the RAF Fighter Command Fighter Command was one of three functional commands that dominated the public perception of the Royal Air Force for much of the mid-20th century. It was formed in 1936 to reflect the fact that as the RAF expanded prior to World War II, more specialised control of each type of aircraft: fighter, bomber and maritime patrol was needed had its radar stations and aerodromes connected to headquarters by land lines; its more mobile opponent, the German Luftwaffe Luftwaffe (German pronunciation: [ˈlʊftvafə] ; English: "air-weapon") is a generic German term for an air force. It is also the official name for two of the four historic German air forces, the Wehrmacht air arm founded in 1935 and disbanded in 1946; and the current Bundeswehr air arm founded in 1956, used radio - and so its commands were intercepted and deciphered by the British (see Ultra Ultra was the name used by the British for signals intelligence resulting from decryption of coded enemy radio communications in World War II. The term eventually became the standard designation amongst the Allies for all intelligence from high-level cryptanalytic sources. The name arose because the code-breaking success was considered more).
Some telecommunications experts have at times seen the more popular use as a misuse of the word. As a consequence, in professional contexts the terms "fixed line" or "wireline" are more commonly used than "landline." "Landline Check" refers to calling a landline and checking to see if there is connectivity, to make sure emergency landline phones are working.
See also
- Plain old telephone service Plain old telephone service is the voice-grade telephone service that remains the basic form of residential and small business service connection to the telephone network in most parts of the world. The name is a retronym, and is a reflection of the telephone service still available after the advent of more advanced forms of telephony such as ISDN, (POTS)
- Local loop In telephony, the local loop is the physical link or circuit that connects from the demarcation point of the customer premises to the edge of the carrier or telecommunications service provider's network. At the edge of the carrier access network in a traditional PSTN (Public Switched Telephone Network) scenario, the local loop terminates in a
- Last mile The "last mile" or "last kilometre" is the final leg of delivering connectivity from a communications provider to a customer. The phrase is therefore often used by the telecommunications and cable television industries. The actual distance of this leg may be considerably more than a mile, especially in rural areas. It is
- Telephone The telephone , often colloquially referred to as a phone, is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound, most commonly the human voice. Telephones are a point-to-point communication system whose most basic function is to allow two people separated by large distances to talk to one another. It is one of the most common household
References
- ^ "History of the Atlantic Cable & Undersea Communications". http://atlantic-cable.com/CableCos/NorthernLine/index.htm.
- ^ Measuring the Information Society: The ICT Development Index. International Telecommunication Union. 2009. pp. 108. ISBN The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering (SBN) code created by Gordon Foster, now Emeritus Professor of Statistics at Trinity College, Dublin, for the booksellers and stationers W.H. Smith and others in 1966 9261128319. http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/publications/idi/2009/material/IDI2009_w5.pdf.
- ^ Getting rid of the landline telephone Philadelphia examiner
Categories: Telephony Categories: Telecommunications | Electronic engineering | Local loop Categories: Telephony | Network architecture | Network access | Telecommunications infrastructure | Communication circuits
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Treo a post this long with links and pictures would be almost impossible to do on a thumb sized keyboard For next time using your land line phone while in the car It actually works
